The Black Cabinets: The Birth of Systematic Postal Surveillance in Occupied Germany
Long before the digital age and the invention of state trojans or algorithmic surveillance, governments had already found a highly…
French period
Between Enlightenment and Espionage: Napoleonic Repression in Germany (1794–1814)
The era of French occupation in Germany, historically known as the Franzosenzeit, is one of the most paradoxical periods in…